[CONTENT] Linux maximum number of processes setting

Case One: Set the maximum number of processes for all users

# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

Add the following

......
* soft nofile 10240
* hard nofile 10240

(Add: Take maximum number of processes is 10240 for everyone as an example here)

Case Two: Set the maximum number of processes for one group

# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

Add the following

......
@mingyuzhu soft nofile 10240
@mingyuzhu hard nofile 10240

(Add: Take maximum number of processes is 10240 for group mingyuzhu as an example here)

Case Two: Set the maximum number of processes for one user

# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

Add the following

......
mingyuzhu soft nofile 10240
mingyuzhu hard nofile 10240

(Add: Take maximum number of processes is 10240 for user mingyuzhu as an example here)

[工具] Shell 显示系统常用信息

介绍

基本信息

作者:朱明宇
名称:显示系统常用信息
作用:显示系统常用信息

使用方法

1. 在此脚本的分割线内写入相应的内容
2. 给此脚本添加执行权限
3. 执行此脚本

脚本分割线里的变量

1. times=5 #显示系统常用信息的次数
2. sleeptime=0.3 #大部分行与行之间显示的间隔时间

注意

1. 需要安装 sysstat 软件
2. 执行此脚本的用户能够使用 sudo ip a s 命令
3. 执行此脚本的用户能够使用 sudo ss -ntulap 命令
4. 搭建了 KVM 虚拟化平台后执行此脚本的用户能够使用 sudo virsh list 命令后才能实现

脚本

#!/bin/bash

####################### Separator ########################
times=5
sleeptime=0.3
####################### Separator ########################

nowtime=1

while (( nowtime <= times))
do
        echo -e "Start Monitoring: \c"
	for i in {1..94}
	do
	        echo -e "#\c"
		sleep 0.01
        done
	echo

	sleep $sleeptime
        host=`hostname`
        echo -e "Name:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$host\033[0m"

        ip=`sudo ip a s | awk '/[1-2]?[0-9]{0,2}\.[1-2]?[0-9]{0,2}/&&!/127.0.0.1/{print $2}' | awk -F/ '{print $1}'`
	for iip in $(echo $ip)
        do
		sleep $sleeptime
                echo -e "IP Address:\t\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$iip\033[0m"
        done

        sleep $sleeptime

        cpu=`top -bn 1 | awk -F',' '/^%Cpu/{print $4 }' | awk '{print $1}' | awk '{print 100-$1}'`
        echo -e "CPU Usage (Total):\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$cpu%\033[0m"

        sleep $sleeptime

        mem=`free | grep Mem | awk '{print $3/$2 * 100.0}' | egrep -o "[1]?[0-9]{0,2}\.[0-9]"`
        echo -e "Memory Usage (Total):\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$mem%\033[0m"

	directory=`df -h | grep -v run | grep -v boot | awk '$1~/\/dev/{print $6}'`
        for idirectory in `echo $directory`
        do
                sleep $sleeptime
                directoryusage=`df -h | grep -v run | grep -v boot | awk '$1~/\/dev/{print}' | grep $idirectory$ | awk '{print $5}'`
		if [ $idirectory == / -o $idirectory == /sda -o $idirectory == /sdb  ];then
                        echo -e "Directory Usage ($idirectory):\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$directoryusage\033[0m"
	        else
                        echo -e "Directory Usage ($idirectory):\t\t\t\t \033[1m$directoryusage\033[0m"
		fi
        done

	sudo -l | grep 'virsh list' &> /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
	        sleep $sleeptime
	        virtual=`sudo virsh list | egrep [0-9] | wc -l`
	        echo -e "Number of Virtual Machines (Total):\t\t\t \033[1m$virtual\033[0m"
        fi

        sleep $sleeptime

        user=`who | wc -l`
        echo -e "Number of User Logins (Total):\t\t\t\t \033[1m$user\033[0m"

        soft=`rpm -qa | wc -l`
        echo -e "Number of Softwares (Total):\t\t\t\t \033[1m$soft\033[0m"

        sleep $sleeptime

        port=`sudo ss -ntulap | wc -l`
        echo -e "Number of Open Ports (Total):\t\t\t\t \033[1m$port\033[0m"

        which sar &> /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                networkcard=`ifconfig | awk -F: '/flags/&&!/lo/{print $1}'`
                for inetworkcard in `echo $networkcard`
                do
                        networkread="`sar -n DEV 1 1 | grep $inetworkcard | awk '/[0-9][0-9]:[0-9][0-9]/{print $3/1000}'` m/s"
                        networkwrite="`sar -n DEV 1 1 | grep $inetworkcard | awk '/[0-9][0-9]:[0-9][0-9]/{print $4/1000}'` m/s"
			echo $inetworkcard | grep eth &> /dev/null
			if [ $?  -ne 0 ];then
	                echo -e "Network Card IO ($inetworkcard):\t\t\t\t \033[1m$networkread\033[0m (Read)\t\033[1m$networkwrite\033[0m (Write)"
		        else
	                echo -e "Network Card IO ($inetworkcard):\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$networkread\033[0m (Read)\t\033[1m$networkwrite\033[0m (Write)"
			fi
                done
        fi

        which iostat &> /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
	        disk=`iostat -d -k 1 1 | awk '!/^$/&&!/Device/&&!/Linux/{print $1}'`
                for idisk in `echo $disk`
	        do
			sleep $sleeptime
		        diskread="`iostat -d -k 1 1 | grep $idisk |  awk '{print $3/1000}'` m/s"
		        diskwrite="`iostat -d -k 1 1 | grep $idisk |  awk '{print $4/1000}'` m/s"
			echo $idisk | grep 'nvme' &> /dev/null
			if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
		                echo -e "Disk IO (/dev/$idisk):\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$diskread\033[0m (Read)\t\033[1m$diskwrite\033[0m (Write)"
		        else
		                echo -e "Disk IO (/dev/$idisk):\t\t\t\t\t \033[1m$diskread\033[0m (Read)\t\033[1m$diskwrite\033[0m (Write)"
			fi
	        done

        fi

        echo -e "Complete Monitoring: \c"
        for i in {1..91}
        do
                echo -e "#\c"
                sleep 0.01
        done
        echo
        sleep $sleeptime

        let nowtime++
done

        echo -e "Terminal Monitoring: \c"
        for i in {1..91}
        do
                echo -e "#\c"
                sleep 0.01
        done

exit

[内容] Linux 进程修正值 (nice 值) 的设置

内容一:进程优先级和修正值(nice 值)的关系

1.1 进程优先级的作用

进程的真正优先级越小,则此进程则越能优先被执行

1.2 进程优先级和修正值(nice 值)的关系

进程的真正优先级 = 进程默认优先级 + 修正值(nice 值)

1.3 修正值(nice 值)的范围

从 -20 到 +19

内容二:修正值(nice 值)的设置

2.1 设置修正值(nice 值)的格式

# nice -n <correction value> <command>

或者:

# nice --adjustment=<correction value> <command>

或者:

# nice -<correction value> <command>

2.2 设置修正值(nice 值)的案例

# nice -n 10 top

或者:

# nice --adjustment=10 top

或者:

# nice -10 top

(注意:这里的 -10 不是指负数 10 而是指正数 10)

(补充:这里以修正值为 10 启动 top 命令为例)

内容三:显示进程的修正值

# top

或者:

# ps -ef


补充:
1) PRI 代表进程默认的优先级
2) NI 代表进程的修正值(nice 值)
3) 进程的真正优先级 = PRI + NI
4) 如果多个进程的真正优先级一样,则 root 用户的进程被优先执行