内容一:基础软件源
rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms
rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
内容二:Red Hat Satellite Tool 软件源
satellite-tools-6.10-for-rhel-8-x86_64-rpms
(补充:这里以 Red Hat Satellite Tool 6.10 软件源为例)
rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms
rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
satellite-tools-6.10-for-rhel-8-x86_64-rpms
(补充:这里以 Red Hat Satellite Tool 6.10 软件源为例)
# dnf install @xfce-desktop-enviroment
或者:
# yum groupinstall "Xfce Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "Xfce Desktop"
Fedora Xfce 定制版展示了 Xfce 桌面,Xfce 桌面追求快速和轻巧,同时用户界面友好并有精彩的视觉盛宴。
https://spins.fedoraproject.org/xfce/
# dnf install @lxde-desktop
或者:
# yum groupinstall "LXDE Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "LXDE Desktop"
LXDE,全名为“轻量级 X11 桌面环境”,是一款极速轻快、实用而且低功耗的桌面环境。
https://spins.fedoraproject.org/lxde/
# dnf install @lxqt-desktop
或者:
# yum groupinstall "LXQt Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "LXQt Desktop"
Fedora LXQt 提供了一个轻量、完整的 LXQt 桌面环境。
https://spins.fedoraproject.org/zh_Hans_CN/lxqt/
# dnf install @cinnamon-desktop
或者:
# yum groupinstall "Cinnamon Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "Cinnamon Desktop"
Cinnamon 是一种提供高级创新功能并且尊重传统的用户习惯的Linux桌面环境。
https://spins.fedoraproject.org/cinnamon/
# dnf install @mate-desktop
或者:
# yum groupinstall "MATE Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "MATE Desktop"
MATE Compiz 是一款轻量、强大,专为高效率和高性能打造的桌面环境。
https://spins.fedoraproject.org/mate-compiz/
Sugar 的安装方法
# yum groupinstall "Sugar Desktop Environment"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "Sugar Desktop Environment"
Deepin 的安装方法
# yum groupinstall "Deepin Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "Deepin Desktop"
# yum groupinstall "i3 desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "i3 desktop"
Fedora i3 定制版提供了流行的 i3 平铺窗口管理器。其使得 i3 对于那些不想用鼠标、触摸板,或是其他指点设备的无论是新手还是高级用户都易于访问且更具吸引力。
https://spins.fedoraproject.org/i3/
Basic 的安装方法
# yum groupinstall "Basic Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "Basic Desktop"
Pantheon 的安装方法
# yum groupinstall "Pantheon Desktop"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "Pantheon Desktop"
KDE 的安装方法
# dnf install @KDE-desktop
或者:
# yum groupinstall "KDE Plasma Workspaces"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "KDE Plasma Workspaces"
GNOME 的安装方法
# dnf install @gnome
或者:
# yum groupinstall "GNOME"
或者:
# dnf group install -y "GNOME"
如果是 HTTP 协议:
# SUSEConnect --url http://<SUSE Repository Mirroring Tool (RMT) Server's IP address or FQDN>
或者:
# SUSEConnect --url http://<SUSE Repository Mirroring Tool (RMT) Server's IP address or FQDN>:80
如果是 HTTPS 协议:
# SUSEConnect --url https://<SUSE Repository Mirroring Tool (RMT) Server's IP address or FQDN>
或者:
# SUSEConnect --url http://<SUSE Repository Mirroring Tool (RMT) Server's IP address or FQDN>:443
如果是 HTTP 协议:
# curl http://<SUSE Repository Mirroring Tool (RMT) Server's IP address or FQDN>/tools/rmt-client-setup --output rmt-client-setup
如果是 HTTPS 协议:
# curl https://<SUSE Repository Mirroring Tool (RMT) Server's IP address or FQDN>/tools/rmt-client-setup --output rmt-client-setup
如果是 HTTP 协议:
# sh rmt-client-setup http://RMT_SERVER/
如果是 HTTPS 协议:
# sh rmt-client-setup https://RMT_SERVER/
# SUSEConnect --status-text
# SUSEConnect –de-register
或者:
# SUSEConnect -d
# SUSEConnect --cleanup
# rm -f /etc/SUSEConnect
# rm -rf /etc/zypp/credentials.d/*
# rm -rf /etc/zypp/repos.d/*
# rm -f /etc/zypp/services.d/*
https://documentation.suse.com/sles/15-SP1/single-html/SLES-rmt/index.html#sec-rmt-client-clientsetupscript
openSUSE 官方软件包单独下载网址
https://software.opensuse.org
# yum help
# yum help <option>
或者:
# yum <option> help
# yum install <software>
# yum -y install <software>
或者:
# yum install <software> -y
# yum remove <software>
# yum -y remove <software>
或者:
# yum remove <software> -y
# yum update <software>
# yum -y update <software>
或者:
# yum update <software> -y
# yum update
# yum -y update
或者:
# yum update -y
# yum update --best --allowerasing
# yum -y update --best --allowerasing
或者:
# yum update --best --allowerasing -y
# yum update --exclude=<software>
# yum -y update --exclude=<software>
或者:
# yum update --exclude=<software> -y
# yum ./yum.conf update
(补充:这里以使用 ./yum.conf 配置文件升级所有软件包为例)
# yum -y -c ./yum.conf update
(补充:这里以使用 ./yum.conf 配置文件升级所有软件包为例)
# yum check-update
# dnf needs-restarting --reboothint
# yum list <software>
或者:
# yum list all | grep <software>
# yum info <software>
# yum list <software> --showduplicate | sort -r
# yum module provides <software>
# yum module provides ipa-client
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Last metadata expiration check: 1:38:12 ago on Fri 26 Jul 2024 08:00:39 AM CST.
ipa-client-4.7.1-11.module+el8+2842+7481110c.x86_64
Module : idm:DL1:820190227212412:5986f621:x86_64
Profiles : client common
Repo : rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
Summary : The Red Hat Enterprise Linux Identity Management system module
......
(补充:从这里的输出结果可以看出 ipa-client 软件包来自 idm 模块,版本是 DL1)
# yum list all
# yum groupinstall <group>
# yum -y groupinstall <group>
或者:
# yum groupinstall <group> -y
# yum groupremove <group>
# yum -y groupremove <group>
或者:
# yum groupremove <group> -y
# yum group list
# yum update --advisory=<errata>
# yum -y update --advisory=<errata>
或者:
# yum update --advisory=<errata> -y
# yum updateinfo <errata>
# yum update-minimal --security
# yum -y update-minimal --security
或者:
# yum update-minimal --security -y
# yum updateinfo list
# yum updateinfo info security
# yum update --cve <CVE>
# yum -y update --cve <CVE>
或者:
# yum update --cve <CVE> -y
# yum updateinfo list cves
# yum updateinfo info security
# yum update <security patch>
# yum -y update <security patch>
或者:
# yum update <security patch> -y
# yum update --security
# yum -y update --security
或者:
# yum update --security -y
# yum check-update --security
# yum repolist
# yum repolist
# yum clean all
# yum makecache
# yum module provides <software>
# yum module list
# yum module list | grep <software>
# yum module info <module>
# yum module info <module> | grep <submodule>
# dnf module info <module>:<stream>
# yum module reset <module>
# yum module enable <module>:<version>
# yum distro-sync
(注意:需要确保这条命令执行有以后没有报错)
# yum module provides podman
(补充:这里以显示 podman 软件包属于哪个软件模块为例)
# yum module list | grep podman
container-tools rhel8 [d] common [d] Most recent (rolling) versions of podman, buildah, skopeo, runc, conmon, runc, conmon, CRIU, Udica, etc as well as dependencies such as container-selinux built and tested together, and updated as frequently as every 12 weeks.
container-tools 1.0 common [d] Stable versions of podman 1.0, buildah 1.5, skopeo 0.1, runc, conmon, CRIU, Udica, etc as well as dependencies such as container-selinux built and tested together, and supported for 24 months.
container-tools 2.0 common [d] Stable versions of podman 1.6, buildah 1.11, skopeo 0.1, runc, conmon, etc as well as dependencies such as container-selinux built and tested together, and supported as documented on the Application Stream lifecycle page.
container-tools 3.0 common [d] Stable versions of podman 3.0, buildah 1.19, skopeo 1.2, runc, conmon, etc as well as dependencies such as container-selinux built and tested together, and supported as documented on the Application Stream lifecycle page.
container-tools 4.0 common [d] Stable versions of podman 4.0, buildah 1.24, skopeo 1.6, runc, conmon, etc as well as dependencies such as container-selinux built and tested together, and supported as documented on the Application Stream lifecycle page.
(补充:这里以显示所有和 podman 软件相关的软件模块为例)
# yum module reset container-tools
(补充:这里以重置 container-tools 软件模块为例)
# yum module enable container-tools:3.0
(补充:这里以设置 container-tools 软件模块版本号为 3.0 为例)
或者:
# yum module enable container-tools:rhel8
(
补充:
1) 这里以设置最新的 container-tools 软件模块版本号为例
2) 当站主在测试这条命令时,最新的 container-tools 软件模块版本号刚好是 3.0
)
(注意:有些时候只能设置成最新的软件模块版本号后才能升级到最新的软件)
# yum list all | egrep ^podman\.x
podman.x86_64 3.0.1-9.module+el8.6.0+14874+64436299 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
(补充:可以看到此时 podman 软件的可用版本是 3.0.1-9)
# yum module reset container-tools
(补充:这里以重置 container-tools 软件模块为例)
# yum list all | egrep ^podman\.x
podman.x86_64 2:4.0.2-6.module+el8.6.0+14877+f643d2d6 rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
(补充:可以看到此时 podman 软件的可用版本是 2:4.0.2-6)
# yum history
# yum history info
# yum history info <software>
# yum history info httpd
(补充:这里以查看 httpd 软件的安装记录为例)
# yum history
# yum history undo <ID>
(补充:上面第 1 条命令会实现操作的 ID 号,在第 2 条命令中写入那个 ID 号就可以取消那次操作)