System Hardware (系统硬件) – Page 3

June 12, 2025August 20, 2025

[CONTENT] The network card name in system (RHEL Version)

Content:

Device	Old Name	New Name
Embedded network interface (LOM)	eth[0123…]	em[1234…]
PCI card network interface	eth[0123…]	p<slot>p<ethernet port>
Virtual function	eth[0123…]	p<slot>p<ethernet port>_<virtual interface>

References:

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/networking_guide/sec-consistent_network_device_naming_using_biosdevname

June 6, 2025

[步骤] DELL BIOS 的升级（Linux 版）

步骤一：在 DELL 官网下载对应的 BIOS 升级文件

（步骤略）

步骤二：核对下载的 BIOS 升级文件是否完整

# sha256sum BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN

（
1) 这里以升级 BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN 的 BIOS 升级文件为例
2) 将此步骤的输出结果和 DELL 官网上下载的升级软件进行比对
）

步骤三：给下载的 BIOS 升级文件添加执行权限

# chmod u+x BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN; chown root:root BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN

或者：

# chmod a+x BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN

（补充：这里以给 BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN 的 BIOS 升级文件添加执行权限为例）

步骤四：查看此 BIOS 升级文件的信息和要求

# ./BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN --version

（补充：这里以查看 BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN 的 BIOS 升级文件的信息和要求为例）

步骤五：确保 libstdc++ 已安装

# yum install libstdc++

步骤六：执行此 BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN 升级文件

# ./BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN

（补充：这里以执行 BIOS_0HY8N_LN64_1.17.2.BIN 的 BIOS 升级文件为例）

March 14, 2025December 31, 2025

[排错] Linux 解决使用 setfacl 命令时报错 “setfacl: …… : Operation not supported”

报错命令

# setfacl ......

报错代码

setfacl: ......: Operation not supported

解决方法

添加 acl 参数

临时解决方法（临时在挂载时添加 acl 参数）：

# mount -o remount,acl /mnt

（补充：这里以给挂载的 /mnt 目录添加 acl 参数为例）

永久解决方法（永久在挂载时添加 acl 参数）：

# vi /etc/fstab

将部分内容修改如下：

......
/dev/sda5 /mnt xfs defaults,acl 0 0
......

（补充：这里以给从硬盘 /dev/sda5 挂载到 /mnt 目录的目录添加 acl 参数为例）

November 29, 2024November 29, 2024

[内容] 硬盘的模式

Write-through （直写模式）

数据同时写如 Cache （缓存）和硬盘。
优点是：不会出现突然断电掉数据的情况
缺点是：但是写入速度较慢

Write-back （回写模式）

数据先写入 Cache （缓存），再从 Cache （缓存）写入硬盘。
优点是：写入速度较快
缺点是：突然断电存储在 Cache （缓存）里的数据无法找回

November 27, 2024

[内容] Linux 网卡状态的显示

方法一：ip 命令

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.10.10.129/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 563315sec preferred_lft 44695sec
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr 
       valid_lft 2591846sec preferred_lft 604646sec
    inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

或者：

# ip a s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.10.10.129/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 563315sec preferred_lft 44695sec
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr 
       valid_lft 2591846sec preferred_lft 604646sec
    inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

或者：

# ip address show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.10.10.129/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 563315sec preferred_lft 44695sec
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr 
       valid_lft 2591846sec preferred_lft 604646sec
    inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

方法二：ifconfig 命令

# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.10.10.129  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.10.10.255
        inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 698666  bytes 485434755 (462.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 372557  bytes 699406543 (667.0 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 73792  bytes 394285172 (376.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 73792  bytes 394285172 (376.0 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

方法三：iwconfig 命令

# iwconfig 
lo        no wireless extensions.

eth0      no wireless extensions.