[内容] 硬盘的模式

Write-through (直写模式)

数据同时写如 Cache (缓存) 和硬盘。
优点是:不会出现突然断电掉数据的情况
缺点是:但是写入速度较慢

Write-back (回写模式)

数据先写入 Cache (缓存) ,再从 Cache (缓存) 写入硬盘。
优点是:写入速度较快
缺点是:突然断电存储在 Cache (缓存) 里的数据无法找回

[内容] Linux 网卡状态的显示

方法一:ip 命令

# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.10.10.129/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 563315sec preferred_lft 44695sec
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr 
       valid_lft 2591846sec preferred_lft 604646sec
    inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

或者:

# ip a s
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.10.10.129/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 563315sec preferred_lft 44695sec
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr 
       valid_lft 2591846sec preferred_lft 604646sec
    inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

或者:

# ip address show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.10.10.129/24 brd 10.10.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 563315sec preferred_lft 44695sec
    inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr 
       valid_lft 2591846sec preferred_lft 604646sec
    inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

方法二:ifconfig 命令

# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.10.10.129  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.10.10.255
        inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:21c:42ff:fec9:3c81  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        inet6 fe80::21c:42ff:fec9:3c81  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        inet6 fdb2:2c26:f4e4:0:55da:1265:541f:8007  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        ether 00:1c:42:c9:3c:81  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 698666  bytes 485434755 (462.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 372557  bytes 699406543 (667.0 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 73792  bytes 394285172 (376.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 73792  bytes 394285172 (376.0 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

方法三:iwconfig 命令

# iwconfig 
lo        no wireless extensions.

eth0      no wireless extensions.

[步骤] openSUSE & SLES 中文输出法的添加 (KDE Plasma 5 版)

正文:

步骤一:安装 fcitx5 输入法

# zypper install fcitx5

(注意:在安装 fcitx5 之前必须要先删除 fcitx,该步骤会在安装过程中自动进行,需要在这个过程中允许厂商变更)

步骤二:添加 fcitx5 输入法

System Setttings –> Regional Settings –> Input Method –> + Add Input Method… –> 添加需要的输入法 (例如:Pinyin) –> Apply

步骤三:使用 fcitx5 输入法

3.1 点击需要输入中文的语言框,将光标放在里面

3.2 点击右下角键盘标志,让标志从键盘变为 “拼” 字

3.3 此时可以输入中文了

3.4 此时可以按 “Shift” 键来回切换输入法

参考文献:

https://zh.opensuse.org/Fcitx5