| 服务名称 | NTP | systemd-timesyncd | Chrony |
| 协议名称 | NTP | SNTP | NTP |
| 特点 | 高精度 | 轻量级 | 快速同步 |
| 适用建议 | 数据中心、科研机构 | 桌面电脑、小型服务器 | 不稳定的网络环境 |
[步骤] dnsmasq 的搭建 (DNS 服务)
步骤一:安装 dnsmasq
# yum install dnsmasq
步骤二:添加 DNS 配置
# vi /etc/dnsmasq.d/address.conf
创建以下内容:
all-servers
server=1.1.1.1
server=8.8.8.8
server=/cn/114.114.114.114
address=/test-gateway.com/192.168.100.1
host-record=gateway.com,192.168.100.1
(
补充:
1) 这里的 all-servers 代表同时解析下面所有的 DNS 记录
2) 这里的 server=1.1.1.1 和 server=8.8.8.8 代表上游 DNS 服务器使用 1.1.1.1 和 8.8.8.8
3) 这里的 server=/cn/114.114.114.114 代表以 cn 结尾的域名上游 DNS 使用 114.114.114.114
4) 这里的 address=/test-gateway.com/192.168.100.1 代表所有以 test-gateway.com 结尾的域名 (例如 one.test-gateway.com) 指向 IP 地址 192.168.100.1
5) 这里的 host-record=gateway.com,192.168.100.1 代表 gateway.com 域名指向 IP 地址 192.168.100.1
)
步骤三:重启 dnsmasq 服务
3.1 重启 dnsmasq 服务
# systemctl restart dnsmasq.service
3.2 查看 dnsmasq 服务状态
# systemctl status dnsmasq.service
● dnsmasq.service - DNS caching server.
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dnsmasq.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-08-14 00:00:35 CST; 7s ago
Main PID: 10412 (dnsmasq)
Tasks: 1 (limit: 5781)
Memory: 704.0K
CGroup: /system.slice/dnsmasq.service
└─10412 /usr/sbin/dnsmasq -k
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: compile time options: IPv6 GNU-getopt DBus no-i18n IDN2 DHCP>
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: using nameserver 114.114.114.114#53 for domain cn
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: using nameserver 8.8.8.8#53
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: using nameserver 1.1.1.1#53
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: reading /etc/resolv.conf
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: using nameserver 114.114.114.114#53 for domain cn
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: using nameserver 8.8.8.8#53
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: using nameserver 1.1.1.1#53
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: ignoring nameserver 192.168.100.11 - local interface
Aug 14 00:00:35 tool1 dnsmasq[10412]: read /etc/hosts - 2 addresses
步骤四:使用配置好的 dnsmasq 服务
# vi /etc/resolv.conf
将全部内容修改如下:
nameserver 192.168.100.11
(补充:这里的 192.168.100.11 指的是刚刚搭建 dnsmasq 服务的服务器的 IP 地址)
步骤五:测试 dnsmasq 服务
5.1 测试 DNS 正向解析
# nslookup test-gateway.com
Server: 192.168.100.11
Address: 192.168.100.11#53
Name: test-gateway.com
Address: 192.168.100.1
(补充:这里以正向解析刚刚配置的域名 test-gateway.com 为例)
5.2 测试 DNS 反向解析
# arp 192.168.100.1
Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface
_gateway ether 52:54:00:ef:3a:4d C eth0
(补充:这里以反向解析刚刚配置的 IP 地址 192.168.100.1 为例)
[DEBUG] Red Hat Satellite resolve remove repository error ‘Unable to find content with the ID XXX’
Error Code:
Katello::Errors::CandlepinError: Unable to find content with the ID XXX
Solution One: Add Relevant Licenses
Solution One Step One: Make sure which repository is marked as Orphaned
Access Satellite Web –> Content –> Sync Status –> Find the Orphaned repository
Solution One Step Two: Add Relevant Licenses
(Omit Steps)
Solution Two: Remove Orphaned Repositories
Solution Two Step One: Make sure which repository is marked as Orphaned
Access Satellite Web –> Content –> Sync Status –> Find the Orphaned repository
Solution Two Step Two: Remove Orphaned Repositories
Access Satellite Web –> Content –> Red Hat Repositories –> Remove Orphaned Repositories
Solution Two Step Three: Resume Removing Orphaned Repositories Task Status (If Removing Orphaned Repositories Task is Stuck)
3.1 Access the concerned task
Access Satellite Web –> Monitor –> Tasks –> Search for the concerned task
3.2 Check both the Run and Finalize tabs for the sub-task
Click on the DynFlow Console button and check both the Run and Finalize tabs for the sub-task
3.3 Skip the ERROR sub-task
(Omit Steps)
(Add: usually it’s the Actions::Candlepin::Environment::SetContent one )
3.4 Resume Removing Orphaned Repositories Task Status
(Omit Steps)
Reference:
https://access.redhat.com/solutions/6654081
[步骤] Red Hat Satellite 必须软件包版本的查看
正文:
Red Hat Satellite 通常使用指定版本的软件。所以在安装或升级 Red Hat Satellite 时,我们需要设置 Red Hat Satellite 的模块流,在设置模块流以后,相应的软件就被锁定制在对应版本无法升级了。
我们可以通过查看 Red Hat Satellite 的模块流,确认有哪些软件被锁定在了哪些版本里
步骤一:
# dnf module enable satellite
或者:
# dnf module enable satellite:el8
......
Requires : pki-core:[]
: platform:[el8]
: postgresql:[12]
: ruby:[2.7]
(补充:这里设置 el8 版本的 Red Hat Satellite 模块流为例)
步骤二:
# dnf module info
或者:
# dnf module info satellite:el8
......
Requires : pki-core:[]
: platform:[el8]
: postgresql:[12]
: ruby:[2.7]
(补充:这里查看 el8 版本的 Red Hat Satellite 模块流为例)
参考文献:
https://docs.redhat.com/en/documentation/red_hat_satellite/6.15/html/installing_satellite_server_in_a_connected_network_environment/installing_server_connected_satellite#configuring-repositories_satellite
[步骤] SLES 软件库的启用和禁用
注意:
在启用或禁用 SLES 的软件库前,要先注册此 SLES
正文:
步骤一:显示所有可用软件库
# SUSEConnect --list-extensions
步骤二:启用软件库
# SUSEConnect -p sle-module-live-patching/15.3/x86_64
(补充:这里以启用 sle-module-live-patching/15.3/x86_64 软件库为例)
步骤三:禁用软件库
# SUSEConnect -d -p sle-module-basesystem/15.3/x86_64
(补充:这里以禁用用 sle-module-live-patching/15.3/x86_64 软件库为例)
