Category: Project (项目)

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[步骤] Linux SSL 证书的生成 （Let’s Encrypt certbot 版）

步骤一：将要申请 Let’s Encrypt SSL 的域名解析到要进行操作的服务器 IP 地址上

（步骤略）

步骤二：安装 certbot

# yum -y install certbot

（补充：这里以在 Fedora 35 上安装 certbot 为例）

步骤三：使用 certbot 生成 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书

# certbot certonly --email mingyu.zhu@eternalcenter.com -n --agree-tos --webroot -w /usr/share/nginx/html/ -d eternalcenter.com
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator webroot, Installer None
Requesting a certificate for eternalcenter.com
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for eternalcenter.com
Using the webroot path /usr/share/nginx/html for all unmatched domains.
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges

IMPORTANT NOTES:
 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/fullchain.pem
   Your key file has been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/privkey.pem
   Your certificate will expire on 2022-03-20. To obtain a new or
   tweaked version of this certificate in the future, simply run
   certbot again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your
   certificates, run "certbot renew"
 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:

   Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le

（
补充：这里以
1) 使用 mingyu.zhu@eternalcenter.com 邮箱
2) 以非交互式的方式
3) 通过给 /usr/share/nginx/html/ 网站目录里添加验证文件进行验证
4) 给 eternalcenter.com 域名申请 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书为例
）

步骤四：显示已经生成的 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书

# certbot certificates
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Found the following certs:
  Certificate Name: eternalcenter.com
    Serial Number: 3e8cdb74a1abfbf3d535ec1c3f8cb3e4e4c
    Key Type: RSA
    Domains: eternalcenter.com
    Expiry Date: 2022-03-20 13:48:48+00:00 (VALID: 89 days)
    Certificate Path: /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/fullchain.pem
    Private Key Path: /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/privkey.pem
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

（
补充：
1) /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/fullchain.pem 是公钥
2) /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/privkey.pem 是私钥
）

步骤五：延期 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书

5.1 显示 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书的延期策略

# cat /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/eternalcenter.com.conf 
# renew_before_expiry = 30 days
version = 1.20.0
archive_dir = /etc/letsencrypt/archive/eternalcenter.com
cert = /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/cert.pem
privkey = /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/privkey.pem
chain = /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/chain.pem
fullchain = /etc/letsencrypt/live/eternalcenter.com/fullchain.pem

（补充：可以看出 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书是在过期前 30 天才能更新）

5.2 手动延期 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书

# /usr/bin/certbot renew

（补充：这里以延期 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书为例）

5.3 自动延期 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书

# crontab -e

添加以下内容：

......
0 0 */30 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew

（补充：这里以每过 30 天的 0 时 0 分延期 Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书为例）

（

注意：更新 SSL 之后需要同时重启使用 SSL 证书的服务，例如如果使用 SSL 证书的是 Nginx 的话建议添加以下内容：

......
0 0 */30 * * /usr/bin/certbot renew ; /usr/bin/systemctl restart nginx

）

步骤六：Let’s Encrypt SSL 证书的生成限制

1) 一个域名申请次数不能超过 5 次/周
2) 允许申请失败次数不能超过 5 次/时
3) 属于同一个顶级域名的二级域名申请次数不能超过 20 次/周
4) 申请请求频率不能超过 20 次/秒
5) 一个 IP 地址创建用户个数不能超过 10 个/3 小时
6) 一个用户最多 pending 审核的数不能超过 300 个

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[工具] Shell 博客 WordPress 数据去隐私化

介绍

基本信息

作者：朱明宇
名称：Shell 博客 WordPress 数据去隐私化
作用：修改 WordPress 备份中某个用户的密码并再次进行备份

使用方法

1. 在此脚本的分割线内写入相应的内容
2. 给此脚本添加执行权限
3. 执行此脚本

脚本分割线里的变量

1. path=/home/zhumingyu/EternalCenter #本地备份目录
2. filename=eternalcenter-backup #本地备份文件
3. cpath=”/srv/www/htdocs” #网站程序目录
4. sqlfile=eternalcenter/eternalcenter.sql #网站数据库数据备份
5. tarfile=eternalcenter/eternalcenter.tar.gz #网站网页数据备份
6. newfilename=clone-eternalcenter-backup #新备份的文件名
7. user=’Mingyu Zhu’ #要修改密码的用户
8. newpw=eternalcenter #新的用户密码
9. dbuser=ec #用于连接数据库的用户
10. dbuserpw=eternalcenter #用于连接数据库的密码
11. db=ec #网站数据库数据在数据库中的库

注意

1. 本地需要已经搭建好 LNMP 平台
2. 执行此脚本的用户需要有远程服务器的 sudo tar 和 sudo rm 权限
3. 脚本 ”mysql -uroot -p’eternalcenter’ -e “drop database $db;”“ 中 “eternalcenter“ 是指远程 MariaDB 数据库 root 用户的密码，需要修改成远程 MariaDB 数据库的 root 用户密码

脚本

#!/bin/bash

####################### Separator ########################

path=/home/zhumingyu/EternalCenter
filename=eternalcenter-backup
cpath="/srv/www/htdocs"
sqlfile=eternalcenter/eternalcenter.sql
tarfile=eternalcenter/eternalcenter.tar.gz
newfilename=clone-eternalcenter-backup
user='Mingyu Zhu'
newpw=eternalcenter
dbuser=ec
dbuserpw=eternalcenter
db=ec

####################### Separator ########################

date=$(date +%Y-%m-%d-%H)
dir=`pwd`

sudo systemctl stop nginx
sudo systemctl stop php-fpm

mkdir -p $path/$newfilename-$date &> /dev/null

mysql -uroot -p'eternalcenter' -e "drop database $db;"
mysql -uroot -p'eternalcenter' -e "create database $db;"
mysql -uroot -e "create user \"$dbuser\"@\"localhost\" identified by \"$dbuserpw\";"
mysql -uroot -p'eternalcenter' -e "grant all privileges on $db.* to \"$dbuser\"@'localhost';"
mysql -uroot -p'eternalcenter' ec < $sqlfile
mysql -uroot -p'eternalcenter' -e "update $db.ec_users set user_pass = md5(\'$newpw\') where user_login = \'$user\';"
sudo rm -rf $cpath/*
sudo tar -zxvf $tarfile -C $cpath &> /dev/null
cd $cpath
sudo sed -i "s/define('DB_PASSWORD', .*);/define('DB_PASSWORD', \'$dbuserpw\');/" wp-config.php

mysqldump -uroot -p'eternalcenter' $db > $path/$newfilename-$date/$newfilename-$date.sql
sudo tar -zcvf $path/$newfilename-$date/$newfilename-$date.tar.gz .[!.]* * &> /dev/null
cd $dir

sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl start php-fpm

cd $dir
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[项目] server.scripts.os_sub.py（LOAMAW v1.0）

import subprocess

def script_os_distributor(os_distributor_server):
    distributor_out = subprocess.check_output('ansible -m shell -a \'lsb_release -a\' %s | grep \'Distributor ID:\' | awk -F\':\' \'{print $2}\''%os_distributor_server, shell=True)
    return distributor_out

def script_os_release(os_release_server):
    release_out = subprocess.check_output('ansible -m shell -a \'lsb_release -a\' %s | grep \'Release:\' | awk -F\':\' \'{print $2}\''%os_release_server, shell=True)
    return release_out

def script_os_kernel(os_kernel_server):
    kernel_out = subprocess.check_output('ansible -m shell -a \'uname -r\' %s | grep \-'%os_kernel_server, shell=True)
    return kernel_out

def script_os_uptime(os_uptime_server):
    uptime_out = subprocess.check_output('ansible -m shell -a \'uptime\' %s | grep \, | awk \'{print $3,$4}\' | awk -F\',\' \'{print $1}\''%os_uptime_server, shell=True)
    return uptime_out
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[项目] server.scripts.nc_sub.py（LOAMAW v1.0）

import subprocess

def script_nc_name(space_nc_name):
    nc_name_out = subprocess.check_output('ansible -m shell -a \'ifconfig\' %s | ifconfig | egrep flags= | awk \'{print $1}\' | awk -F\':\' \'{print $1}\''%space_nc_name, shell=True)
    return nc_name_out

def script_nc_ip(space_nc_name):
    nc_ip_out = subprocess.check_output('ansible -m shell -a \'ifconfig\' %s | egrep \"[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\" | awk \'{print $2}\''%space_nc_name, shell=True)
    return nc_ip_out